Published 30 june 2006 iop publishing ltd smart materials and structures, volume 15, number 4. Selfsensing concrete nanocomposites for smart structures. Pdf this paper deals with the selfsensing concrete ssc materials and composition, types and applications. Selfsensing concrete in smart structures by baoguo han. These materials enable to create the socalled smart concrete. In this paper, the selfsensing and mechanical properties of concrete structures strengthened with a novel type of smart basalt fiber reinforced polymer bfrp bars were experimentally studied, wherein the sensing element is brillouin scatteringbased distributed optical fiber sensing technique. In recent years, it is strongly required to evaluate the strength development during the curing process of concrete structures to ensure the good quality of high performance concrete during the construction. Environmentfriendly, selfsensing concrete blended with.
Sensors and smart structures technologies for civil, mechanical, and aerospace systems 2018. The sensing ability is not due to the attachment of sensors. Selfsensing concrete for smart infrastructureselfsensing. Selfsensing concrete in smart structures ebook, 2014. Provides a systematic discussion of the structure of intrinsic selfsensing concrete. An experimental study on static and dynamic strain sensitivity of embeddable smart concrete sensors doped with carbon nanotubes for shm of large structures. General introduction of smart and multifunctional concrete.
Earlyage concrete strength gain monitoring for advanced. One factor that may contribute to the global smart concrete market is the widespread use of concrete as a composite material and its inability to withstand tension. Sensors and smart structures technologies for civil. Selfsensing concrete has the capability to sense the conditions inside it and environmental change including stress or force, strain or deformation, crack, damage, temperature, and humidity through incorporating functional fillers or sensing component.
Development of self sensing concrete and its various. The book s two part treatment begins with the compositions of intrinsic selfsensing concrete, processing of intrinsic selfsensing concrete, fundamental sensing mechanism, measurement, and sensing properties of intrinsic selfsensing concrete. This paper is aimed at presenting the results of a research about a new selfsensing nanocomposite and about the implementation of smart sensors for structural health monitoring. Structural health monitoring using smart nano cement sensors. So if the concrete structures is enabled with a self. Especially, monitoring the pattern of the curing strength gain at earlyage concrete structures is very important to reduce the. Yee yan lim 1, suresh bhalla 2 and chee kiong soh 1,3. The composition and significance of selfsensing concrete are explained briefly in this article. Smart structures have attracted significant research attention in the last decade, mainly due to the capabilities of advanced concrete in electrical resistanceenabled selfsensing. Instead, this research proposes a new method to design multifunctional and selfsensing concrete, which is achieved by altering the cementaggregate interface using conductive, nanoengineered coatings. Development of self sensing concrete and its various possible applications r.
Development of carbon nanofiber aggregate for concrete. It is also called as selfmonitoring or piezoresistive or pressuresensitive or intrinsically smart concrete. This cited by count includes citations to the following articles in scholar. Request pdf on aug 26, 2014, baoguo han and others published selfsensing concrete in smart structures find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Selfsensing concrete in smart structures provides researchers and designers with a guide to the composition, sensing mechanism, measurement, and sensing properties of selfhealing concrete. As a response, researchers and designers are developing selfsensing concrete which not only increases longevity but also the strength of the material. Read selfsensing concrete in smart structures by baoguo han, xun yu, jinping ou for free with a 30 day free trial. Smart concrete is capable of sensing very small structural flaws and hence finds application in checking the internal condition of structures, particularly after an earthquake.
Selfsensing is the phenomenon in which the concrete itself monitors its health when there might be unexpected potential threats for the concrete structure, during these life threatening situations its tougher for the engineer to provide necessary solutions in very short decision making time. Structural identification and damage diagnosis using self. The smartness of concrete and structures is achieved through material composition design. Selfsensing concrete, which has a highly complex structure, is a multiphase and multiscale composite. Selfrepairing concrete is concrete that incorporates devices for achieving the three key functions of an intelligent material, 1 sensing, 2 processing, and 3 actuating. Selfsensing concrete in smart structures sciencedirect. For the smart cities to be smarter, these selfsensing materials are proving more helpful, as they monitor structural health of the civil engineering infrastructures. In addition to selfsensing concrete, selfhealing or selfrepairing concrete is another type of smart concrete gaining increased scientific interest.
All measurements are done using adis ultralow power processor and highly. Selfsensing concrete in smart structures request pdf. Concrete crack detection and monitoring using a capacitive. The selfsensing ability of cementitious materials with conductive particles for. Selfsensing concrete is a branch of smart concrete, which was the earliest proposed and has been systematically and deeply investigated. In this study, we present a type of environmentfriendly, selfsensing concrete enabled by electrical resistance. Sixth international conference on durability of concrete structures, 18 20. Eshghi3 1professor of structural eng, sharif university of technology, tehran, iran 2ms student in earthquake eng, sharif university of technology, tehran, iran 3ms in earthquake eng, sharif university of technology, tehran, iran abstract shape memory alloys smas are increasingly becoming a topic of research. At the macroscopic level, selfsensing concrete may be considered a twophase material consisting of functional fillers dispersed in a concrete matrix. Selfsensing concrete is a smart concrete technology that can sense the stress, strain, and damage in itself.
The influence of nanofe3o4 on the microstructure and. The problem is that over time the material becomes weaker. Selfsensing concrete in smart structures provides researchers and designers with a guide to the composition, sensing mechanism, measurement, and sensing properties of selfhealing concrete along with their structural applications. Application of smart bfrp bars with distributed fiber.
Traffic monitoring with a selfsensing concrete nanotechnology road surface nanowerk spotlight many communities in the u. Durable concrete for infrastructure under severe conditions. Figure 6 atomic structure of singlewalled and multiwalled cnt. Some of the most promising technologies seem to lie with the use of cnt, cnf as filler in the cement matrix. Smart concrete technology provides a new alternative way for health monitoring of reinforced concrete structures. As a result of advances take place in the aspect of concrete technology many new types of. More than 20 types of smart and multifunctional concrete have been developed in the recent 30 years, and more new types of smart and multifunctional concrete are still emerging one after another.
Concrete is the second most used building material in the world after water. Smart and multifunctional concrete is a very broad category of materials. Shown is a use case of vibration and tilt sensing of a bridge with data analyzed at the node and visible on the cloud. Mo1 and gangbing song2 1department of civil and environmental engineering 2department of mechanical engineering university of houston, houston, tx, 77204 thomas t. Smart concrete is a very broad category of material that includes selfsensing concrete, selfadjusting concrete, selfhealing concrete, etc. The ones marked may be different from the article in the profile. The development of cementbased smart sensors appears particularly well suited for structural health monitoring due to their numer. Electrical and selfsensing properties of alkaliactivated. This paper deals with the selfsensing concrete ssc materials and composition, types and applications. For example, smart composite with higher electrical conductivity can be used for the assessment of structural health in terms of stress monitoring, localization of. Conference on smart infrastructure and construction 2019 icsic an industry survey on the use of graphenereinforced concrete for selfsensing applications open pdf. Spie 9800, behavior and mechanics of multifunctional materials and composites 2016, 98000z 18.
Smart concrete produced from cnts carbon nanotubes cnts are seamless tubular structures. Selfsensing materials, also known as a specialized type of smart materials, can be created by altering their nano and micro structures in order to transduce states of interests into measurable or observable. Graphite has also been used to enhance the electrical conductivity and internal damage monitoring of concrete structures either as the only conductive admixture or in combination with carbon fibres 16,19,20. Selfsensing concrete in smart structures by baoguo han, xun yu. Cotana selfsensing and thermal energy experimental characterization of multifunctional cementmatrix composites with carbon nanoinclusions, proc. Damage monitoring in concrete structure using csf has also been. Application of nanomaterials in production of selfsensing. Smart concrete abstract interest in selfsensing structural materials has grown in recent years due to their potential to enable continuous lowcost monitoring of nextgeneration smart structures. Cracks that manifest in concrete structures can be caused by a combination of poor construction practices, deleterious chemical reactions such as corrosion and alkaliaggregate reactions, construction overloads, cyclic freezing and thawing damage. Smart concretes and structures are intelligent systems that have properties different from normal concrete, such as selfsensing and selfhealing properties, or have the ability to react upon an external stimulus, such as stress and temperature. Structural identification and damage diagnosis using selfsensing piezoimpedance transducers. This smart material provides a basis for creating an intelligent. Fiberreinforced concrete smart materials and smart sensors aci fall 2011 convention october 16 20, cincinnati, oh aci web sessions antoine naaman, faci, is a professor in the department of civil and environmental engineering at the university of michigan. An autonomous selfhealing functionality is needed in order to enhance the autogenous selfhealing action of concrete due to the inevitable crack.
Development of carbon nanofiber aggregate for concrete compressive strain monitoring rachel n. Damage detection, localization and quantification in. This paper is a stateoftheart report on the recent development of engineered selfhealing and selfrepairing concrete. The industrial production and incorporation of nanomaterials into concrete is undoubtedly the future of modern concrete technology. The diameters of cnts are in the range of 120 nm the lengths are in the range of 0. Application of such composites enable to improve the safety and performance of structures.
Smart concrete is a new generation of structure materials that developed from carbon fiber. Nanomaterials are not only environmentally friendly, they can also help to create novel, sustainable and advanced concrete structures, resulting in lowering the use of cement and decreasing project costs. International conference on smart infrastructure and. Damage detection in concrete structures using smart. Smart concretes and structures are intelligent systems that have properties different from normal concrete, such as selfsensing and selfhealing properties. Selfsensing cement based material has favorable piezoresistivity, great durability and good compatibility when used in concrete structures.
Recent advances in nanotechnology have led to development of new family of sensors selfsensing materials. Selfsensing concrete in smart structures 1st edition elsevier. Published 18 march 2008 iop publishing ltd smart materials and structures, volume 17, number 3. Development of engineered selfhealing and selfrepairing. Selfsensing concrete enabled by nanoengineered cement. Although the cost of smart concrete could be in multiples of ordinary concrete, its impact on overall project cost is much smaller given that material cost is only a small fraction of the total. He is a member of aci committees 363, highstrength concrete. Selfsensing concrete in smart structures 1st edition. The sensing performance, the measuring methods and. Smart concrete, sensors and selfsensing concrete structures. This includes smart concrete, which has the potential to provide any concrete structure with selfsensing capabilities. Concrete structures exhibit good mechanical properties and durability if designed and constructed correctly. Damage detection in concrete structures using smart piezoelectric sensors as concrete s aggregates phd dissertation defense technical university of crete school of architectural engineering.
In this paper, the piezoresistivity of two kinds of smart concrete filled with carbon black or carbon fiber was studied, and two types of embedded sensors were fabricated using the smart concrete with favorable piezoresistivity. Concrete that is itself a sensor of strain or stress the concrete has been modified through the use of admixtures so that it becomes a sensor 2. Jinping ou, in selfsensing concrete in smart structures, 2014. An experimental study on static and dynamic strain. Clear and concise, selfsensing concrete in structural design provide a systematic discussion on the structures of intrinsic selfsensing concrete. The sensing property of selfsensing concrete refers to the relationship between electrical and mechanical properties 6.
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